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	<img src="../img/logo.png"><h1>阅读测评(共2题)</h1>
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	PASSAGE 1
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	<p>
	One area of paleoanthropological study involves the eating and dietary habits of hominids, erect bipedal primates — including early humans. It is clear that at some stage of history, humans began to carry their food to central places, called home bases, where it was shared and <font color="#f60"><U><B>consumed</U></B></font> with the young and other adults. The use of home bases is a fundamental component of human social behavior; the common meal served at a common hearth is a powerful symbol, a mark of social unity. Home base behavior does not occur among nonhuman primates and is rare among mammals. It is unclear when humans began to use home bases, what kind of communications and social relations were involved, and what the ecological and food-choice contexts of the shift were. Work on early tools, surveys of paleoanthropological sites, development and testing of broad ecological theories, and advances in comparative primatology are contributing to knowledge about this central chapter in human prehistory.
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	<p>
    One <font color="#f60"><U><B>innovative</U></B></font> approach to these issues involves studying damage and wear on stone tools. Researchers make tools that replicate excavated specimens as closely as possible and then try to use <font color="#f60"><U><B>them</U></B></font> as the originals might have been used, in woodcutting, hunting, or cultivation. Depending on how the tool is used, <font color="#f60"><U><B>characteristic chippage patterns</U></B></font> and microscopically distinguishable polishes develop near the edges. The first application of this method of analysis to stone tools that are 1.5 million to 2 million years old indicates that, from the start, an important function of early stone tools was to <font color="#f60"><U><B>extract</U></B></font> highly nutritious food — meat and marrow — from large animal carcasses. Fossil bones with cut marks caused by stone tools have been discovered lying in the same 2-million-year-old layers that yielded the oldest such tools and the oldest hominid specimens (including humans) with larger than ape-sized brains. This discovery increases scientists' certainty about when human ancestors began to eat more meat than present-day nonhuman primates. But several questions remain unanswered: how frequently meat eating occurred; what the social implications of meat eating were; and <font color="#f60"><U><B>whether</U></B></font> the increased use of meat coincides with the beginnings of the use of home bases. 
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	Question 1.The passage mainly discusses which of the following aspects of hominid behavior?
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		<input type="radio" name="ques1" value="A" /><label>A.Changes in eating and dietary practices</label><br />
		<input type="radio" name="ques1" value="B" /><label>B.The creation of stone hunting tools</label><br />
		<input type="radio" name="ques1" value="C" /><label>C.Social interactions at home bases</label>
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	Question 2. According to the passage , bringing a meal to a location to be shared by many individuals is
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		<input type="radio" name="ques2" value="A"/><label>A. an activity typical of nonhuman primates</label><br />
		<input type="radio" name="ques2" value="B"/><label>B. a common practice among animals that eat meat</label><br />
		<input type="radio" name="ques2" value="C"/><label>C. an indication of social unity</label>
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	Question 3. The word "<font color="#f60"><U>consumed</U></font>" is closest in meaning to
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		<input type="radio" name="ques3" value="A"/><label>A.prepared</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques3" value="B"/><label>B.eaten</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques3" value="C"/><label>C.distributed</label>
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	Question 4. According to paragraph 2, researchers make copies of old stone tools in order to
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		<input type="radio" name="ques4" value="A"/><label>A.protect the old tools from being worn out</label><br />
		<input type="radio" name="ques4" value="B"/><label>B.display examples of the old tools in museums</label><br />
		<input type="radio" name="ques4" value="C"/><label>C.test theories about how old tools were used</label>
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	Question 5. In paragraph 2, the author mentions all of the following as examples of ways in which early stone tools were used EXCEPT to
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		<input type="radio" name="ques5" value="A"/><label>A. build home bases</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques5" value="B"/><label>B. obtain food</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques5" value="C"/><label>C. make weapons</label>
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	<!--PASSAGE 1-->
	PASSAGE 2
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	<div class="testanswer">	
	<p>
	By the mid-nineteenth century, the term <font color="#f60"><U><B>"icebox"</B></U></font> had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some <font color="#f60"><U><B>forward-looking</B></U></font> city dealers in fresh meat, fresh <font color="#f60"><U><B>fish</B></U></font>, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, <font color="#f60"><U><B>it</B></U></font> also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.
	</p>
	<p>
    Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was <font color="#f60"><U><B>rudimentary</B></U></font>. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
    </p>
	<p>
    But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been <font color="#f60"><U><B>on the right track</B></U></font>. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their <font color="#f60"><U><B>produce</B></U></font> cool.
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	Question 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? 
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		<input type="radio" name="ques6" value="A" /><label>A. The influence of ice on the diet</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques6" value="B" /><label>B. The development of refrigeration</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques6" value="C" /><label>C. The transportation of goods to market</label>
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	Question 2. According to the passage , when did the word <font color="#f60"><U><B>"icebox"</B></U></font> become part of the language of the United States?
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	<div class="testanswer">
		<input type="radio" name="ques7" value="A"/><label>A. in 1803.</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques7" value="B"/><label>B. sometime before 1850.</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques7" value="C"/><label>C. during the civil war.</label>
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	Question 3. The phrase <font color="#f60"><U><B>"forward-looking"</B></U></font> is closest in meaning to ____ .
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		<input type="radio" name="ques8" value="A"/><label>A. progressive</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques8" value="B"/><label>B. popular</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques8" value="C"/><label>C. thrifty</label>
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	Question 4. The author mentions fish because _____ .
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	<div class="testanswer">
		<input type="radio" name="ques9" value="A"/><label>A. many fish dealers also sold ice</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques9" value="B"/><label>B. fish was shipped in refrigerated freight cars</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques9" value="C"/><label>C. fish dealers were among the early commercial users of ice</label>
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	Question 5. The word <font color="#f60"><U><B>"it"</B></U></font> refers to _____ .
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	<div class="testanswer">
		<input type="radio" name="ques10" value="A"/><label>A. fresh meat</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques10" value="B"/><label>B.  the Civil War</label>
		<input type="radio" name="ques10" value="C"/><label>C. ice</label>
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